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United Kingdom Country Profile

London Weather
2.226 Trillion
GDP in USD
61,113,205
Population
243,610
Area in km2
UK / 44
Country/Dial Code

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Country Profile

Background:
 
The United Kingdom has historically played a leading role in developing parliamentary democracy and in advancing literature and science. At its zenith in the 19th century, the British Empire stretched over one-fourth of the earth's surface. The first half of the 20th century saw the UK's strength seriously depleted in two world wars and the Irish Republic's withdrawal from the union. The second half witnessed the dismantling of the Empire and the UK rebuilding itself into a modern and prosperous European nation. As one of five permanent members of the UN Security Council and a founding member of NATO and the Commonwealth, the UK pursues a global approach to foreign policy. The UK is also an active member of the EU, although it chose to remain outside the Economic and Monetary Union. The Scottish Parliament, the National Assembly for Wales, and the Northern Ireland Assembly were established in 1999. The latter was suspended until May 2007 due to wrangling over the peace process, but devolution was fully completed in March 2010.

Country name:
 
conventional long form: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; note - Great Britain includes England, Scotland, and Wales
conventional short form: United Kingdom
abbreviation: UK
 

Government type:

constitutional monarchy and Commonwealth realm
 

Capital:

name: London
geographic coordinates: 51 30 N, 0 05 W
time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
note: applies to the United Kingdom proper, not to its overseas dependencies or territories
 

Administrative divisions:

England: 27 two-tier counties, 32 London boroughs and 1 City of London or Greater London, 36 metropolitan districts, 56 unitary authorities (including 4 single-tier counties*)
two-tier counties: Buckinghamshire, Cambridgeshire, Cumbria, Derbyshire, Devon, Dorset, East Sussex, Essex, Gloucestershire, Hampshire, Hertfordshire, Kent, Lancashire, Leicestershire, Lincolnshire, Norfolk, North Yorkshire, Northamptonshire, Nottinghamshire, Oxfordshire, Somerset, Staffordshire, Suffolk, Surrey, Warwickshire, West Sussex, Worcestershire
London boroughs and City of London or Greater London: Barking and Dagenham, Barnet, Bexley, Brent, Bromley, Camden, Croydon, Ealing, Enfield, Greenwich, Hackney, Hammersmith and Fulham, Haringey, Harrow, Havering, Hillingdon, Hounslow, Islington, Kensington and Chelsea, Kingston upon Thames, Lambeth, Lewisham, City of London, Merton, Newham, Redbridge, Richmond upon Thames, Southwark, Sutton, Tower Hamlets, Waltham Forest, Wandsworth, Westminster
metropolitan districts: Barnsley, Birmingham, Bolton, Bradford, Bury, Calderdale, Coventry, Doncaster, Dudley, Gateshead, Kirklees, Knowlsey, Leeds, Liverpool, Manchester, Newcastle upon Tyne, North Tyneside, Oldham, Rochdale, Rotherham, Salford, Sandwell, Sefton, Sheffield, Solihull, South Tyneside, St. Helens, Stockport, Sunderland, Tameside, Trafford, Wakefield, Walsall, Wigan, Wirral, Wolverhampton
unitary authorities: Bath and North East Somerset, Blackburn with Darwen, Bedford, Blackpool, Bournemouth, Bracknell Forest, Brighton and Hove, City of Bristol, Central Bedfordshire, Cheshire East, Cheshire West and Chester, Cornwall, Darlington, Derby, Durham County*, East Riding of Yorkshire, Halton, Hartlepool, Herefordshire*, Isle of Wight*, Isles of Scilly, City of Kingston upon Hull, Leicester, Luton, Medway, Middlesbrough, Milton Keynes, North East Lincolnshire, North Lincolnshire, North Somerset, Northumberland*, Nottingham, Peterborough, Plymouth, Poole, Portsmouth, Reading, Redcar and Cleveland, Rutland, Shropshire, Slough, South Gloucestershire, Southampton, Southend-on-Sea, Stockton-on-Tees, Stoke-on-Trent, Swindon, Telford and Wrekin, Thurrock, Torbay, Warrington, West Berkshire, Wiltshire, Windsor and Maidenhead, Wokingham, York
Northern Ireland: 13 borough councils, 11 district council areas, 1 city and district council, 1 city council
borough councils: Antrim, Ards, Ballymena, Ballymoney, Carrickfergus, Castlereagh, Coleraine, Craigavon, Dungannon and South Tyrone, Larne, Limavady, Newtownabbey, North Down
city and district councils: Armagh
city councils: Lisburn
district council areas: Belfast, Banbridge, Cookstown, Derry, Down, Fermanagh, Magherafelt, Moyle, Newry and Mourne, Omagh, Strabane
Scotland: 32 council areas
council areas: Aberdeen City, Aberdeenshire, Angus, Argyll and Bute, Clackmannanshire, Dumfries and Galloway, Dundee City, East Ayrshire, East Dunbartonshire, East Lothian, East Renfrewshire, City of Edinburgh, Eilean Siar (Western Isles), Falkirk, Fife, Glasgow City, Highland, Inverclyde, Midlothian, Moray, North Ayrshire, North Lanarkshire, Orkney Islands, Perth and Kinross, Renfrewshire, Shetland Islands, South Ayrshire, South Lanarkshire, Stirling, The Scottish Borders, West Dunbartonshire, West Lothian
Wales: 22 unitary authorities
unitary authorities: Blaenau Gwent, Bridgend, Caerphilly, Cardiff, Carmarthenshire, Ceredigion, Conwy, Denbighshire, Flintshire, Gwynedd, Isle of Anglesey, Merthyr Tydfil, Monmouthshire, Neath Port Talbot, Newport, Pembrokeshire, Powys, Rhondda Cynon Taff, Swansea, The Vale of Glamorgan, Torfaen, Wrexham
 

Dependent areas:

Anguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Falkland Islands, Gibraltar, Montserrat, Pitcairn Islands, Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Turks and Caicos Islands
 

Independence:

12 April 1927 (Royal and Parliamentary Titles Act establishes current name of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland); notable earlier dates: 927 (minor English kingdoms united); 3 March 1284 (enactment of the Statute of Rhuddlan uniting England and Wales); 1536 (Act of Union formally incorporates England and Wales); 1 May 1707 (Acts of Union formally unite England and Scotland as Great Britain); 1 January 1801 (Acts of Union formally unite Great Britain and Ireland as the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland); 6 December 1921 (Anglo-Irish Treaty formalizes partition of Ireland; six counties remain part of the United Kingdom and Northern Ireland)
 

National holiday:

the UK does not celebrate one particular national holiday
 

Constitution:

unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law and practice; note - recent additions include the Human Rights Act of 1998, the Constitutional Reform and Governance Act 2010, the Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011, and the Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011 (2011)
 

Legal system:

common law system; has nonbinding judicial review of Acts of Parliament under the Human Rights Act of 1998
 

International law organization participation:

accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
 

Suffrage:

18 years of age; universal
 

Executive branch:

chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); Heir Apparent Prince CHARLES (son of the queen, born 14 November 1948)
head of government: Prime Minister David CAMERON (since 11 May 2010)
cabinet: Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the prime minister
(For more information visit the World Leaders website Opens in New Window)
elections: the monarchy is hereditary; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition usually becomes the prime minister
 

Legislative branch:

bicameral Parliament consists of House of Lords; note - membership is not fixed (780 seats; consisting of approximately 667 life peers, 88 hereditary peers, and 25 clergy - as of 13 January 2014) and House of Commons (650 seats since 2010 elections; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms unless the House is dissolved earlier)
elections: House of Lords - no elections (note - in 1999, as provided by the House of Lords Act, elections were held in the House of Lords to determine the 92 hereditary peers who would remain there; elections are held only as vacancies in the hereditary peerage arise); House of Commons - last held on 6 May 2010 (next to be held by June 2015)
election results: House of Commons - percent of vote by party - Conservative 36.1%, Labor 29%, Liberal Democrats 23%, other 11.9%; seats by party - Conservative 305, Labor 258, Liberal Democrat 57, other 30
note: in 1998 elections were held for a Northern Ireland Assembly (because of unresolved disputes among existing parties, the transfer of power from London to Northern Ireland came only at the end of 1999 and has been suspended four times, the latest occurring in October 2002 and lasting until 8 May 2007); in 1999, the UK held the first elections for a Scottish Parliament and a Welsh Assembly; the most recent elections for the Northern Ireland Assembly, the Scottish Parliament, and the Welsh Assembly took place in May 2011
 

Judicial branch:

highest court(s): Supreme Court (consists of 12 justices including the court president and deputy president)
note - the Supreme Court was established by the Constitutional Reform Act 2005 and implemented in October 2009, replacing the Appellate Committee of the House of Lords as the highest court in the United Kingdom
judge selection and term of office: judge candidates selected by an independent committee of several judicial commissions, followed by their recommendations to the prime minister, and appointed by Her Majesty The Queen; justices appointed during period of good behavior
subordinate courts: England and Wales - Court of Appeal (civil and criminal divisions); High Court; Crown Court; County Courts; Magistrates' Courts; Scotland - Court of Sessions; Sherrif Courts; High Court of Justiciary; tribunals; Northern Ireland - Court of Appeal in Northern Ireland; High Court; county courts; magistrates' courts; specialized tribunals
 

Political parties and leaders:

Conservative [David CAMERON]
Alliance Party (Northerm Ireland) [David FORD]
Democratic Unionist Party or DUP (Northern Ireland) [Peter ROBINSON]
Labor Party [Ed MILIBAND]
Liberal Democrats (Lib Dems) [Nick CLEGG]
Party of Wales (Plaid Cymru) [Leanne WOOD]
Scottish National Party or SNP [Alex SALMOND]
Sinn Fein (Northern Ireland) [Gerry ADAMS]
Social Democratic and Labor Party or SDLP (Northern Ireland) [Alasdair MCDONNELL]
Ulster Unionist Party (Northern Ireland) [Mike NESBITT]
United Kingdom Independent Party or UKIP [Nigel FARAGE]
 

Political pressure groups and leaders:

Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament
Confederation of British Industry
National Farmers' Union
Trades Union Congress
 

International organization participation:

ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Arctic Council (observer), Australia Group, BIS, C, CBSS (observer), CD, CDB, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, EIB, EITI (implementing country), ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, G-20, G-5, G-7, G-8, G-10, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINUSMA, MONUSCO, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Pacific Alliance (observer), Paris Club, PCA, PIF (partner), SELEC (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNMISS, UNRWA, UNSC (permanent), UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC
 

Diplomatic representation in the US:

chief of mission: Ambassador Peter John WESTMACOTT (since 17 January 2012)
chancery: 3100 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008
telephone: [1] (202) 588-6500
FAX: [1] (202) 588-7850
consulate(s) general: Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Denver, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New York, San Francisco
consulate(s): Dallas, Orlando (FL)
 

Diplomatic representation from the US:

chief of mission: Ambassador Matthew W. BARZUN (since 15 August 2013)
embassy: 24 Grosvenor Square, London, W1K 6AH note - a new embassy is scheduled to open by the end of 2017 in the Nine Elms area of Wandsworth
mailing address: PSC 801, Box 40, FPO AE 09498-4040
telephone: [44] (0) 20 7499-9000
FAX: [44] (0) 20 7629-9124
consulate(s) general: Belfast, Edinburgh
 

Flag description:

blue field with the red cross of Saint George (patron saint of England) edged in white superimposed on the diagonal red cross of Saint Patrick (patron saint of Ireland), which is superimposed on the diagonal white cross of Saint Andrew (patron saint of Scotland); properly known as the Union Flag, but commonly called the Union Jack; the design and colors (especially the Blue Ensign) have been the basis for a number of other flags including other Commonwealth countries and their constituent states or provinces, and British overseas territories
 

National symbol(s):

lion (Britain in general); lion, Tudor rose (England); lion, unicorn, thistle (Scotland); dragon, daffodil, leek (Wales); harp, flax (Northern Ireland)
 

National anthem:

name: "God Save the Queen"


lyrics/music: unknown
note: in use since 1745; by tradition, the song serves as both the national and royal anthem of the United Kingdom; it is known as either "God Save the Queen" or "God Save the King," depending on the gender of the reigning monarch; it also serves as the royal anthem of many Commonwealth nations

Economy - overview:
 
The UK, a leading trading power and financial center, is the third largest economy in Europe after Germany and France. Over the past two decades, the government has greatly reduced public ownership. Agriculture is intensive, highly mechanized, and efficient by European standards, producing about 60% of food needs with less than 2% of the labor force. The UK has large coal, natural gas, and oil resources, but its oil and natural gas reserves are declining and the UK became a net importer of energy in 2005. Services, particularly banking, insurance, and business services, are key drivers of British GDP growth. Manufacturing, meanwhile, has declined in importance but still accounts for about 10% of economic output. After emerging from recession in 1992, Britain's economy enjoyed the longest period of expansion on record during which time growth outpaced most of Western Europe. In 2008, however, the global financial crisis hit the economy particularly hard, due to the importance of its financial sector. Falling home prices, high consumer debt, and the global economic slowdown compounded Britain's economic problems, pushing the economy into recession in the latter half of 2008 and prompting the then BROWN (Labour) government to implement a number of measures to stimulate the economy and stabilize the financial markets; these included nationalizing parts of the banking system, temporarily cutting taxes, suspending public sector borrowing rules, and moving forward public spending on capital projects. Facing burgeoning public deficits and debt levels, in 2010 the CAMERON-led coalition government (between Conservatives and Liberal Democrats) initiated a five-year austerity program, which aimed to lower London's budget deficit from about 11% of GDP in 2010 to nearly 1% by 2015. In November 2011, Chancellor of the Exchequer George OSBORNE announced additional austerity measures through 2017 largely due to the euro-zone debt crisis. The CAMERON government raised the value added tax from 17.5% to 20% in 2011. It has pledged to reduce the corporation tax rate to 21% by 2014. The Bank of England (BoE) implemented an asset purchase program of £375 billion (approximately $605 billion) as of December 2013. During times of economic crisis, the BoE coordinates interest rate moves with the European Central Bank, but Britain remains outside the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU). In 2012, weak consumer spending and subdued business investment weighed on the economy, however, in 2013 GDP grew 1.4%, accelerating unexpectedly in the second half of the year because of greater consumer spending and a recovering housing market. The budget deficit is falling but remains high at nearly 7% and public debt has continued to increase.
 

GDP (purchasing power parity):

$2.387 trillion (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 9
$2.343 trillion (2012 est.)
$2.341 trillion (2011 est.)
note: data are in 2013 US dollars
 

GDP (official exchange rate):

$2.49 trillion (2013 est.)
 

GDP - real growth rate:

1.8% (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 152
0.1% (2012 est.)
0.9% (2011 est.)
 

GDP - per capita (PPP):

$37,300 (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 34
$37,100 (2012 est.)
$37,300 (2011 est.)
note: data are in 2013 US dollars
 

Gross national saving:

10.5% of GDP (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 132
11% of GDP (2012 est.)
13.7% of GDP (2011 est.)
 

GDP - composition, by end use:

household consumption: 66.5%
government consumption: 21.4%
investment in fixed capital: 13.8%
investment in inventories: 0.4%
exports of goods and services: 31.1%
imports of goods and services: -33.2%
(2013 est.)
 

GDP - composition, by sector of origin:

agriculture: 0.7%
industry: 20.5%
services: 78.9% (2013 est.)
 

Agriculture - products:

cereals, oilseed, potatoes, vegetables; cattle, sheep, poultry; fish
 

Industries:

machine tools, electric power equipment, automation equipment, railroad equipment, shipbuilding, aircraft, motor vehicles and parts, electronics and communications equipment, metals, chemicals, coal, petroleum, paper and paper products, food processing, textiles, clothing, other consumer goods
 

Industrial production growth rate:

-0.3% (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 169
 

Labor force:

30.15 million (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 20
 

Labor force - by occupation:

agriculture: 1.4%
industry: 18.2%
services: 80.4% (2006 est.)
 

Unemployment rate:

7.2% (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 76
7.8% (2012 est.)
 

Population below poverty line:

16.2% (2011 est.)
 

Household income or consumption by percentage share:

lowest 10%: 1.7%
highest 10%: 31.1% (2012)
 

Distribution of family income - Gini index:

32.3 (2012)
country comparison to the world: 104
34 (2005)
 

Budget:

revenues: $1.023 trillion
expenditures: $1.112 trillion (2013 est.)
 

Taxes and other revenues:

41.1% of GDP (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 33
 

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-):

-3.6% of GDP (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 138
 

Public debt:

91.1% of GDP (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 20
88.7% of GDP (2012 est.)
note: data cover general government debt, and include debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intra-governmental debt; intra-governmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions
 

Fiscal year:

6 April - 5 April
 

Inflation rate (consumer prices):

2% (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 71
2.7% (2012 est.)
 

Central bank discount rate:

0.5% (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 134
0.5% (2012 est.)
 

Commercial bank prime lending rate:

4.4% (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 157
4.22% (31 December 2012 est.)
 

Stock of narrow money:

$111.6 billion (28 February 2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 33
$101.8 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
 

Stock of broad money:

$2.881 trillion (28 February 2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 6
$3.401 trillion (31 December 2012 est.)
 

Stock of domestic credit:

$3.636 trillion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 7
$3.756 trillion (31 December 2012 est.)
 

Market value of publicly traded shares:

$3.019 trillion
country comparison to the world: 4
$2.903 trillion (31 December 2011)
$3.107 trillion (31 December 2010 est.)
 

Current account balance:

-$93.6 billion (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 192
-$93.6 billion (2012 est.)
 

Exports:

$813.2 billion (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 5
$801.7 billion (2012 est.)
 

Exports - commodities:

manufactured goods, fuels, chemicals; food, beverages, tobacco
 

Exports - partners:

Germany 11.3%, US 10.5%, Netherlands 8.8%, France 7.4%, Ireland 6.2%, Belgium 5.1% (2012)
 

Imports:

$782.5 billion (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 5
$777.6 billion (2012 est.)
 

Imports - commodities:

manufactured goods, machinery, fuels; foodstuffs
 

Imports - partners:

Germany 12.6%, China 8%, Netherlands 7.5%, US 6.7%, France 5.4%, Belgium 4.4%, Norway 4% (2012)
 

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:

$87.48 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 25
$105.1 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
 

Debt - external:

$9.577 trillion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 3
$9.457 trillion (31 December 2012 est.)
 

Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:

$1.557 trillion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 2
$1.321 trillion (31 December 2012 est.)
 

Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:

$1.884 trillion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 2
$1.81 trillion (31 December 2012 est.)
 

Exchange rates:

British pounds (GBP) per US dollar -
0.6391 (2013 est.)
0.6307 (2012 est.)
0.6472 (2010 est.)
0.6175 (2009)
0.5302 (2008)

Location:
 
Western Europe, islands - including the northern one-sixth of the island of Ireland - between the North Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea; northwest of France
 

Geographic coordinates:

54 00 N, 2 00 W
 

Map references:

Europe
 

Area:

total: 243,610 sq km
country comparison to the world: 80
land: 241,930 sq km
water: 1,680 sq km
note: includes Rockall and Shetland Islands
 

Area - comparative:

Area comparison map:  
 

Land boundaries:

total: 360 km
border countries: Ireland 360 km
 

Coastline:

12,429 km
 

Maritime claims:

territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
continental shelf: as defined in continental shelf orders or in accordance with agreed upon boundaries
 

Climate:

temperate; moderated by prevailing southwest winds over the North Atlantic Current; more than one-half of the days are overcast
 

Terrain:

mostly rugged hills and low mountains; level to rolling plains in east and southeast
 

Elevation extremes:

lowest point: The Fens -4 m
highest point: Ben Nevis 1,343 m
 

Natural resources:

coal, petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, lead, zinc, gold, tin, limestone, salt, clay, chalk, gypsum, potash, silica sand, slate, arable land
 

Land use:

arable land: 24.88%
permanent crops: 0.18%
other: 74.93% (2011)
 

Irrigated land:

2,280 sq km (2005)
 

Total renewable water resources:

147 cu km (2011)
 

Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):

total: 13.03 cu km/yr (58%/33%/9%)
per capita: 213.2 cu m/yr (2008)
 

Natural hazards:

winter windstorms; floods
 

Environment - current issues:

continues to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (has met Kyoto Protocol target of a 12.5% reduction from 1990 levels and intends to meet the legally binding target and move toward a domestic goal of a 20% cut in emissions by 2010); by 2005 the government reduced the amount of industrial and commercial waste disposed of in landfill sites to 85% of 1998 levels and recycled or composted at least 25% of household waste, increasing to 33% by 2015
 

Environment - international agreements:

party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Seals, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
 

Geography - note:

lies near vital North Atlantic sea lanes; only 35 km from France and linked by tunnel under the English Channel; because of heavily indented coastline, no location is more than 125 km from tidal waters

Nationality:
 
noun: Briton(s), British (collective plural)
adjective: British
 

Ethnic groups:

white 87.2%, black/African/Caribbean/black British 3%, Asian/Asian British: Indian 2.3%, Asian/Asian British: Pakistani 1.9%, mixed 2%, other 3.7% (2011 est.)
 

Languages:

English
note: the following are recognized regional languages: Scots (about 30% of the population of Scotland), Scottish Gaelic (about 60,000 in Scotland), Welsh (about 20% of the population of Wales), Irish (about 10% of the population of Northern Ireland), Cornish (some 2,000 to 3,000 in Cornwall) (2012)
 

Religions:

Christian (includes Anglican, Roman Catholic, Presbyterian, Methodist) 59.5%, Muslim 4.4%, Hindu 1.3%, other 2%, none 25.7%, unspecified 7.2% (2011 est.)
 

Population:

63,742,977 (July 2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 23
 

Age structure:

0-14 years: 17.3% (male 5,660,891/female 5,380,448)
15-24 years: 12.6% (male 4,116,859/female 3,945,146)
25-54 years: 41% (male 13,299,731/female 12,843,937)
55-64 years: 11.5% (male 3,621,110/female 3,702,717)
65 years and over: 17.3% (male 4,990,024/female 6,182,114) (2014 est.)
population pyramid:  
 

Dependency ratios:

total dependency ratio: 54.8 %
youth dependency ratio: 27.2 %
elderly dependency ratio: 27.6 %
potential support ratio: 3.6 (2014 est.)
 

Median age:

total: 40.4 years
male: 39.2 years
female: 41.6 years (2014 est.)
 

Population growth rate:

0.54% (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 152
 

Birth rate:

12.22 births/1,000 population (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 160
 

Death rate:

9.34 deaths/1,000 population (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 59
 

Net migration rate:

2.56 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 38
 

Urbanization:

urban population: 79.6% of total population (2011)
rate of urbanization: 0.76% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
 

Major urban areas - population:

LONDON (capital) 9.005 million; Birmingham 2.272 million; Manchester 2.213 million; West Yorkshire 1.625 million; Glasgow 1.137 million; Newcastle upon Tyne 874,000 (2011)
 

Sex ratio:

at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
15-24 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
25-54 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
55-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female
total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2014 est.)
 

Mother's mean age at first birth:

27.8
note: data refer to England and Wales (2010 est.)
 

Maternal mortality rate:

12 deaths/100,000 live births (2010)
country comparison to the world: 148
 

Infant mortality rate:

total: 4.44 deaths/1,000 live births
country comparison to the world: 189
male: 4.86 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 4 deaths/1,000 live births (2014 est.)
 

Life expectancy at birth:

total population: 80.42 years
country comparison to the world: 29
male: 78.26 years
female: 82.69 years (2014 est.)
 

Total fertility rate:

1.9 children born/woman (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 140
 

Contraceptive prevalence rate:

84%
note: percent of women aged 16-49 (2008/09)
 

Health expenditures:

9.3% of GDP (2011)
country comparison to the world: 37
 

Physicians density:

2.77 physicians/1,000 population (2011)
 

Hospital bed density:

3 beds/1,000 population (2010)
 

Drinking water source:

improved: 
urban: 100% of population
rural: 100% of population
total: 100% of population
unimproved: 
urban: 0% of population
rural: 0% of population
total: 0% of population (2012 est.)
Sanitation facility access:

improved: 
urban: 100% of population
rural: 100% of population
total: 100% of population
unimproved: 
urban: 0% of population
rural: 0% of population
total: 0% of population (2012 est.)
 

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:

0.2% (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 114
 

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:

85,000 (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 48
 

HIV/AIDS - deaths:

fewer than 1,000 (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 73
 

Obesity - adult prevalence rate:

26.9% (2008)
country comparison to the world: 43
 

Education expenditures:

6.2% of GDP (2010)
country comparison to the world: 36
 

Literacy:

definition: age 15 and over has completed five or more years of schooling
total population: 99%
male: 99%
female: 99% (2003 est.)
 

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):

total: 16 years
male: 16 years
female: 17 years (2011)
 

Unemployment, youth ages 15-24:

total: 21%
country comparison to the world: 55
male: 23.8%
female: 17.9% (2012)

Economy - overview:
 
The UK, a leading trading power and financial center, is the third largest economy in Europe after Germany and France. Over the past two decades, the government has greatly reduced public ownership. Agriculture is intensive, highly mechanized, and efficient by European standards, producing about 60% of food needs with less than 2% of the labor force. The UK has large coal, natural gas, and oil resources, but its oil and natural gas reserves are declining and the UK became a net importer of energy in 2005. Services, particularly banking, insurance, and business services, are key drivers of British GDP growth. Manufacturing, meanwhile, has declined in importance but still accounts for about 10% of economic output. After emerging from recession in 1992, Britain's economy enjoyed the longest period of expansion on record during which time growth outpaced most of Western Europe. In 2008, however, the global financial crisis hit the economy particularly hard, due to the importance of its financial sector. Falling home prices, high consumer debt, and the global economic slowdown compounded Britain's economic problems, pushing the economy into recession in the latter half of 2008 and prompting the then BROWN (Labour) government to implement a number of measures to stimulate the economy and stabilize the financial markets; these included nationalizing parts of the banking system, temporarily cutting taxes, suspending public sector borrowing rules, and moving forward public spending on capital projects. Facing burgeoning public deficits and debt levels, in 2010 the CAMERON-led coalition government (between Conservatives and Liberal Democrats) initiated a five-year austerity program, which aimed to lower London's budget deficit from about 11% of GDP in 2010 to nearly 1% by 2015. In November 2011, Chancellor of the Exchequer George OSBORNE announced additional austerity measures through 2017 largely due to the euro-zone debt crisis. The CAMERON government raised the value added tax from 17.5% to 20% in 2011. It has pledged to reduce the corporation tax rate to 21% by 2014. The Bank of England (BoE) implemented an asset purchase program of £375 billion (approximately $605 billion) as of December 2013. During times of economic crisis, the BoE coordinates interest rate moves with the European Central Bank, but Britain remains outside the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU). In 2012, weak consumer spending and subdued business investment weighed on the economy, however, in 2013 GDP grew 1.4%, accelerating unexpectedly in the second half of the year because of greater consumer spending and a recovering housing market. The budget deficit is falling but remains high at nearly 7% and public debt has continued to increase.
 

GDP (purchasing power parity):

$2.387 trillion (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 9
$2.343 trillion (2012 est.)
$2.341 trillion (2011 est.)
note: data are in 2013 US dollars
 

GDP (official exchange rate):

$2.49 trillion (2013 est.)
 

GDP - real growth rate:

1.8% (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 152
0.1% (2012 est.)
0.9% (2011 est.)
 

GDP - per capita (PPP):

$37,300 (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 34
$37,100 (2012 est.)
$37,300 (2011 est.)
note: data are in 2013 US dollars
 

Gross national saving:

10.5% of GDP (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 132
11% of GDP (2012 est.)
13.7% of GDP (2011 est.)
 

GDP - composition, by end use:

household consumption: 66.5%
government consumption: 21.4%
investment in fixed capital: 13.8%
investment in inventories: 0.4%
exports of goods and services: 31.1%
imports of goods and services: -33.2%
(2013 est.)
 

GDP - composition, by sector of origin:

agriculture: 0.7%
industry: 20.5%
services: 78.9% (2013 est.)
 

Agriculture - products:

cereals, oilseed, potatoes, vegetables; cattle, sheep, poultry; fish
 

Industries:

machine tools, electric power equipment, automation equipment, railroad equipment, shipbuilding, aircraft, motor vehicles and parts, electronics and communications equipment, metals, chemicals, coal, petroleum, paper and paper products, food processing, textiles, clothing, other consumer goods
 

Industrial production growth rate:

-0.3% (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 169
 

Labor force:

30.15 million (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 20
 

Labor force - by occupation:

agriculture: 1.4%
industry: 18.2%
services: 80.4% (2006 est.)
 

Unemployment rate:

7.2% (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 76
7.8% (2012 est.)
 

Population below poverty line:

16.2% (2011 est.)
 

Household income or consumption by percentage share:

lowest 10%: 1.7%
highest 10%: 31.1% (2012)
 

Distribution of family income - Gini index:

32.3 (2012)
country comparison to the world: 104
34 (2005)
 

Budget:

revenues: $1.023 trillion
expenditures: $1.112 trillion (2013 est.)
 

Taxes and other revenues:

41.1% of GDP (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 33
 

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-):

-3.6% of GDP (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 138
 

Public debt:

91.1% of GDP (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 20
88.7% of GDP (2012 est.)
note: data cover general government debt, and include debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intra-governmental debt; intra-governmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions
 

Fiscal year:

6 April - 5 April
 

Inflation rate (consumer prices):

2% (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 71
2.7% (2012 est.)
 

Central bank discount rate:

0.5% (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 134
0.5% (2012 est.)
 

Commercial bank prime lending rate:

4.4% (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 157
4.22% (31 December 2012 est.)
 

Stock of narrow money:

$111.6 billion (28 February 2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 33
$101.8 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
 

Stock of broad money:

$2.881 trillion (28 February 2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 6
$3.401 trillion (31 December 2012 est.)
 

Stock of domestic credit:

$3.636 trillion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 7
$3.756 trillion (31 December 2012 est.)
 

Market value of publicly traded shares:

$3.019 trillion
country comparison to the world: 4
$2.903 trillion (31 December 2011)
$3.107 trillion (31 December 2010 est.)
 

Current account balance:

-$93.6 billion (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 192
-$93.6 billion (2012 est.)
 

Exports:

$813.2 billion (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 5
$801.7 billion (2012 est.)
 

Exports - commodities:

manufactured goods, fuels, chemicals; food, beverages, tobacco
 

Exports - partners:

Germany 11.3%, US 10.5%, Netherlands 8.8%, France 7.4%, Ireland 6.2%, Belgium 5.1% (2012)
 

Imports:

$782.5 billion (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 5
$777.6 billion (2012 est.)
 

Imports - commodities:

manufactured goods, machinery, fuels; foodstuffs
 

Imports - partners:

Germany 12.6%, China 8%, Netherlands 7.5%, US 6.7%, France 5.4%, Belgium 4.4%, Norway 4% (2012)
 

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:

$87.48 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 25
$105.1 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
 

Debt - external:

$9.577 trillion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 3
$9.457 trillion (31 December 2012 est.)
 

Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:

$1.557 trillion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 2
$1.321 trillion (31 December 2012 est.)
 

Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:

$1.884 trillion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 2
$1.81 trillion (31 December 2012 est.)
 

Exchange rates:

British pounds (GBP) per US dollar -
0.6391 (2013 est.)
0.6307 (2012 est.)
0.6472 (2010 est.)
0.6175 (2009)
0.5302 (2008)

Telephones - main lines in use:
 
33.01 million (2012)
country comparison to the world: 9
 

Telephones - mobile cellular:

82.109 million (2012)
country comparison to the world: 18
 

Telephone system:

general assessment: technologically advanced domestic and international system
domestic: equal mix of buried cables, microwave radio relay, and fiber-optic systems
international: country code - 44; numerous submarine cables provide links throughout Europe, Asia, Australia, the Middle East, and US; satellite earth stations - 10 Intelsat (7 Atlantic Ocean and 3 Indian Ocean), 1 Inmarsat (Atlantic Ocean region), and 1 Eutelsat; at least 8 large international switching centers (2011)
 

Broadcast media:

public service broadcaster, British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), is the largest broadcasting corporation in the world; BBC operates multiple TV networks with regional and local TV service; a mixed system of public and commercial TV broadcasters along with satellite and cable systems provide access to hundreds of TV stations throughout the world; BBC operates multiple national, regional, and local radio networks with multiple transmission sites; a large number of commercial radio stations as well as satellite radio services are available (2008)
 

Internet country code:

.uk
 

Internet hosts:

8.107 million (2012)
country comparison to the world: 15
 

Internet users:

51.444 million (2009)
country comparison to the world: 7

Airports:
 
460 (2013)
country comparison to the world: 18
 

Airports - with paved runways:

total: 271
over 3,047 m: 7
2,438 to 3,047 m: 29
1,524 to 2,437 m: 89
914 to 1,523 m: 80
under 914 m: 66 (2013)
 

Airports - with unpaved runways:

total: 189
1,524 to 2,437 m: 3
914 to 1,523 m: 26
under 914 m: 
160 (2013)
 

Heliports:

9 (2013)
 

Pipelines:

condensate 502 km; condensate/gas 9 km; gas 28,603 km; liquid petroleum gas 59 km; oil 5,256 km; oil/gas/water 175 km; refined products 4,919 km; water 255 km (2013)
 

Railways:

total: 16,454 km
country comparison to the world: 17
broad gauge: 303 km 1.600-m gauge (in Northern Ireland)
standard gauge: 16,151 km 1.435-m gauge (5,248 km electrified) (2008)
 

Roadways:

total: 394,428 km
country comparison to the world: 16
paved: 394,428 km (includes 3,519 km of expressways) (2009)
 

Waterways:

3,200 km (620 km used for commerce) (2009)
country comparison to the world: 32
 

Merchant marine:

total: 504
country comparison to the world: 22
by type: bulk carrier 33, cargo 76, carrier 4, chemical tanker 58, container 178, liquefied gas 6, passenger 7, passenger/cargo 66, petroleum tanker 18, refrigerated cargo 2, roll on/roll off 31, vehicle carrier 25
foreign-owned: 271 (Australia 1, Bermuda 6, China 7, Denmark 43, France 39, Germany 59, Hong Kong 12, Ireland 1, Italy 3, Japan 5, Netherlands 1, Norway 32, Sweden 28, Taiwan 11, Tanzania 1, UAE 8, US 14)
registered in other countries: 308 (Algeria 15, Antigua and Barbuda 1, Argentina 2, Australia 5, Bahamas 18, Barbados 6, Belgium 2, Belize 4, Bermuda 14, Bolivia 1, Brunei 2, Cabo Verde 1, Cambodia 1, Cayman Islands 2, Comoros 1, Cook Islands 2, Cyprus 7, Georgia 5, Gibraltar 6, Greece 6, Honduras 1, Hong Kong 33, Indonesia 2, Italy 2, Liberia 22, Liberia 32, Luxembourg 5, Malta 21, Marshall Islands 12, Marshall Islands 3, Moldova 3, Nigeria 2, NZ 1, Panama 37, Panama 5, Saint Kitts and Nevis 1, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 6, Sierra Leone 1, Singapore 6, Thailand 6, Tonga 1, US 4, unknown 1) (2010)
 

Ports and terminals:

major seaport(s): Dover, Felixstowe, Immingham, Liverpool, London, Southampton, Teesport (England); Forth Ports (Scotland); Milford Haven (Wales)
oil terminals: Fawley Marine terminal, Liverpool Bay terminal (England); Braefoot Bay terminal, Finnart oil terminal, Hound Point terminal (Scotland)
container port(s) (TEUs): Felixstowe (3,248,592), London (1,932,000), Southampton (1,324,581)

Electricity - production:
 
365.7 billion kWh (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 12
 

Electricity - consumption:

323.3 billion kWh (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 12
 

Electricity - exports:

3.103 billion kWh (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 34
 

Electricity - imports:

17.53 billion kWh (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 10
 

Electricity - installed generating capacity:

89.24 million kW (31 December 2012 )
country comparison to the world: 13
 

Electricity - from fossil fuels:

76% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 99
 

Electricity - from nuclear fuels:

11.2% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 15
 

Electricity - from hydroelectric plants:

4.8% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 126
 

Electricity - from other renewable sources:

8% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 31
 

Crude oil - production:

771,800 bbl/day (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 26
 

Crude oil - exports:

637,800 bbl/day (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 20
 

Crude oil - imports:

1.053 million bbl/day (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 12
 

Crude oil - proved reserves:

3.122 billion bbl (1 January 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 30
 

Refined petroleum products - production:

1.343 million bbl/day (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 16
 

Refined petroleum products - consumption:

1.217 million bbl/day (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 19
 

Refined petroleum products - exports:

526,400 bbl/day (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 13
 

Refined petroleum products - imports:

566,700 bbl/day (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 11
 

Natural gas - production:

38.48 billion cu m (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 25
 

Natural gas - consumption:

51.63 billion cu m (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 15
 

Natural gas - exports:

8.949 billion cu m (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 27
 

Natural gas - imports:

48.26 billion cu m (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 8
 

Natural gas - proved reserves:

244 billion cu m (1 January 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 44
 

dioxide emissions from consumption of energy:

178.5 million Mt (2013 est.)

Export Statistics


# Description Chapter Amount in Rands
1 Vehicles other than railway, tramway 87 R 12,640,977,230.00
2 Ores, slag and ash 26 R 1,037,045,450.00
3 Pearls, precious stones, metals, coins, etc 71 R 665,421,716.00
4 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery, etc 84 R 625,072,057.00
5 Vegetable, fruit, nut, etc food preparations 20 R 397,617,487.00
6 Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof 88 R 253,555,391.00
7 Iron and steel 72 R 231,422,890.00
8 Plastics and articles thereof 39 R 222,596,038.00
9 Electrical, electronic equipment 85 R 185,686,673.00
10 Works of art, collectors pieces and antiques 97 R 162,056,755.00
11 Live trees, plants, bulbs, roots, cut flowers etc 06 R 147,703,564.00
12 Optical, photo, technical, medical, etc apparatus 90 R 145,998,204.00
13 Miscellaneous chemical products 38 R 139,443,316.00
14 Edible fruit, nuts, peel of citrus fruit, melons 08 R 132,764,554.00
15 Glass and glassware 70 R 131,932,377.00
16 Furniture, lighting, signs, prefabricated buildings 94 R 129,682,457.00
17 Wood and articles of wood, wood charcoal 44 R 114,482,864.00
18 Beverages, spirits and vinegar 22 R 95,003,746.00
19 Other base metals, cermets, articles thereof 81 R 88,433,861.00
20 Mineral fuels, oils, distillation products, etc 27 R 87,686,022.00
21 Articles of iron or steel 73 R 86,304,491.00
22 Organic chemicals 29 R 81,452,634.00
23 Edible vegetables and certain roots and tubers 07 R 79,674,790.00
24 Clocks and watches and parts thereof 91 R 75,362,845.00
25 Essential oils, perfumes, cosmetics, toileteries 33 R 72,991,226.00
26 Tanning, dyeing extracts, tannins, derivs,pigments etc 32 R 68,884,435.00
27 Manmade staple fibres 55 R 57,743,270.00
28 Rubber and articles thereof 40 R 53,749,487.00
29 Nickel and articles thereof 75 R 53,527,880.00
30 Commodities not elsewhere specified 99 R 42,334,654.00
31 Miscellaneous edible preparations 21 R 36,519,144.00
32 Cereal, flour, starch, milk preparations and products 19 R 33,312,134.00
33 Inorganic chemicals, precious metal compound, isotopes 28 R 32,564,076.00
34 Explosives, pyrotechnics, matches, pyrophorics, etc 36 R 32,144,211.00
35 Railway, tramway locomotives, rolling stock, equipment 86 R 28,717,456.00
36 Pharmaceutical products 30 R 28,311,548.00
37 Coffee, tea, mate and spices 09 R 27,897,820.00
38 Oil seed, oleagic fruits, grain, seed, fruit, etc, nes 12 R 23,870,813.00
39 Albuminoids, modified starches, glues, enzymes 35 R 22,515,468.00
40 Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, mica, etc articles 68 R 21,496,510.00
41 Milling products, malt, starches, inulin, wheat gluten 11 R 17,863,180.00
42 Copper and articles thereof 74 R 14,719,572.00
43 Salt, sulphur, earth, stone, plaster, lime and cement 25 R 14,584,368.00
44 Toys, games, sports requisites 95 R 13,260,862.00
45 Tools, implements, cutlery, etc of base metal 82 R 11,694,795.00
46 Soaps, lubricants, waxes, candles, modelling pastes 34 R 11,422,058.00
47 Printed books, newspapers, pictures etc 49 R 10,901,619.00
48 Other made textile articles, sets, worn clothing etc 63 R 10,014,842.00
49 Miscellaneous articles of base metal 83 R 9,417,740.00
50 Ships, boats and other floating structures 89 R 9,268,409.00
51 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 96 R 9,154,502.00
52 Ceramic products 69 R 8,226,632.00
53 Cereals 10 R 4,079,702.00
54 Articles of apparel, accessories, not knit or crochet 62 R 3,897,090.00
55 Residues, wastes of food industry, animal fodder 23 R 3,866,114.00
56 Bird skin, feathers, artificial flowers, human hair 67 R 3,539,820.00
57 Paper & paperboard, articles of pulp, paper and board 48 R 3,342,943.00
58 Articles of leather, animal gut, harness, travel goods 42 R 3,339,219.00
59 Cocoa and cocoa preparations 18 R 3,295,207.00
60 Aluminium and articles thereof 76 R 2,003,694.00
61 Articles of apparel, accessories, knit or crochet 61 R 1,922,646.00
62 Sugars and sugar confectionery 17 R 1,887,428.00
63 Manufactures of plaiting material, basketwork, etc. 46 R 1,467,147.00
64 Knitted or crocheted fabric 60 R 1,089,753.00
65 Fertilizers 31 R 964,177.00
66 Headgear and parts thereof 65 R 678,624.00
67 Footwear, gaiters and the like, parts thereof 64 R 677,160.00
68 Special woven or tufted fabric, lace, tapestry etc 58 R 571,135.00
69 Live animals 01 R 484,466.00
70 Animal,vegetable fats and oils, cleavage products, etc 15 R 431,201.00
71 Carpets and other textile floor coverings 57 R 368,605.00
72 Tobacco and manufactured tobacco substitutes 24 R 296,600.00
73 Products of animal origin, nes 05 R 284,002.00
74 Raw hides and skins (other than furskins) and leather 41 R 269,833.00
75 Dairy products, eggs, honey, edible animal product nes 04 R 237,073.00
76 Musical instruments, parts and accessories 92 R 224,405.00
77 Impregnated, coated or laminated textile fabric 59 R 201,233.00
78 Furskins and artificial fur, manufactures thereof 43 R 147,030.00
79 Cotton 52 R 132,398.00
80 Wadding, felt, nonwovens, yarns, twine, cordage, etc 56 R 117,718.00
81 Vegetable plaiting materials, vegetable products nes 14 R 96,391.00
82 Manmade filaments 54 R 77,719.00
83 Silk 50 R 17,889.00
84 Meat and edible meat offal 02 R 8,826.00
85 Umbrellas, walking-sticks, seat-sticks, whips, etc 66 R 6,125.00
86 Lead and articles thereof 78 R 5,469.00
87 Wool, animal hair, horsehair yarn and fabric thereof 51 R 3,578.00
88 Photographic or cinematographic goods 37 R 789.00
89 Vegetable textile fibres nes, paper yarn, woven fabric 53 R 749.00
90 Fish, crustaceans, molluscs, aquatic invertebrates nes 03 R 311.00
91 Meat, fish and seafood food preparations nes 16 R 50.00
92 Zinc and articles thereof 79 R 13.00
# Description Chapter Amount


# Description Chapter Amount in Rands
1 Vehicles other than railway, tramway 87 R 5,071,172,535.00
2 Ores, slag and ash 26 R 719,245,176.00
3 Pearls, precious stones, metals, coins, etc 71 R 601,528,538.00
4 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery, etc 84 R 521,231,839.00
5 Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof 88 R 454,475,190.00
6 Iron and steel 72 R 288,907,534.00
7 Vegetable, fruit, nut, etc food preparations 20 R 240,598,841.00
8 Electrical, electronic equipment 85 R 210,830,585.00
9 Plastics and articles thereof 39 R 205,041,146.00
10 Optical, photo, technical, medical, etc apparatus 90 R 144,898,704.00
11 Live trees, plants, bulbs, roots, cut flowers etc 06 R 132,772,687.00
12 Edible fruit, nuts, peel of citrus fruit, melons 08 R 132,347,258.00
13 Glass and glassware 70 R 117,177,838.00
14 Wood and articles of wood, wood charcoal 44 R 95,853,701.00
15 Inorganic chemicals, precious metal compound, isotopes 28 R 86,718,519.00
16 Mineral fuels, oils, distillation products, etc 27 R 85,368,922.00
17 Works of art, collectors pieces and antiques 97 R 82,506,732.00
18 Organic chemicals 29 R 74,944,203.00
19 Miscellaneous chemical products 38 R 74,345,140.00
20 Other base metals, cermets, articles thereof 81 R 70,375,567.00
21 Copper and articles thereof 74 R 67,639,687.00
22 Edible vegetables and certain roots and tubers 07 R 67,305,752.00
23 Clocks and watches and parts thereof 91 R 66,259,448.00
24 Rubber and articles thereof 40 R 63,594,939.00
25 Articles of iron or steel 73 R 60,589,117.00
26 Essential oils, perfumes, cosmetics, toileteries 33 R 45,273,932.00
27 Beverages, spirits and vinegar 22 R 37,047,093.00
28 Manmade staple fibres 55 R 33,821,243.00
29 Nickel and articles thereof 75 R 32,395,397.00
30 Railway, tramway locomotives, rolling stock, equipment 86 R 30,396,921.00
31 Printed books, newspapers, pictures etc 49 R 29,694,632.00
32 Miscellaneous edible preparations 21 R 28,633,687.00
33 Furniture, lighting, signs, prefabricated buildings 94 R 27,976,196.00
34 Cereal, flour, starch, milk preparations and products 19 R 27,839,344.00
35 Tanning, dyeing extracts, tannins, derivs,pigments etc 32 R 26,643,401.00
36 Pharmaceutical products 30 R 24,512,692.00
37 Explosives, pyrotechnics, matches, pyrophorics, etc 36 R 24,351,415.00
38 Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, mica, etc articles 68 R 21,784,021.00
39 Milling products, malt, starches, inulin, wheat gluten 11 R 20,715,045.00
40 Salt, sulphur, earth, stone, plaster, lime and cement 25 R 19,746,311.00
41 Albuminoids, modified starches, glues, enzymes 35 R 15,671,806.00
42 Paper & paperboard, articles of pulp, paper and board 48 R 15,070,335.00
43 Tools, implements, cutlery, etc of base metal 82 R 12,217,242.00
44 Oil seed, oleagic fruits, grain, seed, fruit, etc, nes 12 R 12,018,950.00
45 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 96 R 11,345,547.00
46 Coffee, tea, mate and spices 09 R 10,867,270.00
47 Ceramic products 69 R 9,463,797.00
48 Residues, wastes of food industry, animal fodder 23 R 8,334,688.00
49 Cocoa and cocoa preparations 18 R 7,985,318.00
50 Other made textile articles, sets, worn clothing etc 63 R 6,596,965.00
51 Toys, games, sports requisites 95 R 5,727,877.00
52 Miscellaneous articles of base metal 83 R 5,604,673.00
53 Commodities not elsewhere specified 99 R 5,133,837.00
54 Cereals 10 R 4,217,854.00
55 Articles of apparel, accessories, knit or crochet 61 R 4,148,668.00
56 Articles of leather, animal gut, harness, travel goods 42 R 4,042,968.00
57 Aluminium and articles thereof 76 R 4,030,634.00
58 Ships, boats and other floating structures 89 R 3,151,816.00
59 Soaps, lubricants, waxes, candles, modelling pastes 34 R 3,051,068.00
60 Articles of apparel, accessories, not knit or crochet 62 R 2,865,525.00
61 Sugars and sugar confectionery 17 R 2,380,104.00
62 Raw hides and skins (other than furskins) and leather 41 R 2,053,590.00
63 Live animals 01 R 1,869,426.00
64 Animal,vegetable fats and oils, cleavage products, etc 15 R 1,046,286.00
65 Special woven or tufted fabric, lace, tapestry etc 58 R 1,010,327.00
66 Manufactures of plaiting material, basketwork, etc. 46 R 633,101.00
67 Musical instruments, parts and accessories 92 R 619,853.00
68 Headgear and parts thereof 65 R 611,779.00
69 Wadding, felt, nonwovens, yarns, twine, cordage, etc 56 R 448,972.00
70 Dairy products, eggs, honey, edible animal product nes 04 R 444,336.00
71 Carpets and other textile floor coverings 57 R 413,987.00
72 Fertilizers 31 R 382,330.00
73 Impregnated, coated or laminated textile fabric 59 R 329,666.00
74 Bird skin, feathers, artificial flowers, human hair 67 R 314,076.00
75 Products of animal origin, nes 05 R 249,481.00
76 Footwear, gaiters and the like, parts thereof 64 R 224,359.00
77 Furskins and artificial fur, manufactures thereof 43 R 197,225.00
78 Umbrellas, walking-sticks, seat-sticks, whips, etc 66 R 132,736.00
79 Manmade filaments 54 R 131,720.00
80 Knitted or crocheted fabric 60 R 87,181.00
81 Tobacco and manufactured tobacco substitutes 24 R 84,191.00
82 Lac, gums, resins, vegetable saps and extracts nes 13 R 48,100.00
83 Meat, fish and seafood food preparations nes 16 R 33,900.00
84 Vegetable textile fibres nes, paper yarn, woven fabric 53 R 33,768.00
85 Silk 50 R 33,610.00
86 Cotton 52 R 12,372.00
87 Cork and articles of cork 45 R 7,998.00
88 Photographic or cinematographic goods 37 R 7,198.00
89 Zinc and articles thereof 79 R 2,169.00
90 Meat and edible meat offal 02 R 1,787.00
91 Wool, animal hair, horsehair yarn and fabric thereof 51 R 1,100.00
92 Fish, crustaceans, molluscs, aquatic invertebrates nes 03 R 475.00
93 Tin and articles thereof 80 R 12.00
# Description Chapter Amount


# Description Chapter Amount in Rands
1 Vehicles other than railway, tramway 87 R 4,398,119,386.00
2 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery, etc 84 R 580,768,363.00
3 Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof 88 R 451,387,808.00
4 Ores, slag and ash 26 R 365,686,192.00
5 Iron and steel 72 R 325,057,357.00
6 Vegetable, fruit, nut, etc food preparations 20 R 245,047,472.00
7 Electrical, electronic equipment 85 R 209,206,578.00
8 Plastics and articles thereof 39 R 209,206,060.00
9 Pearls, precious stones, metals, coins, etc 71 R 178,426,954.00
10 Clocks and watches and parts thereof 91 R 176,056,917.00
11 Mineral fuels, oils, distillation products, etc 27 R 161,034,608.00
12 Optical, photo, technical, medical, etc apparatus 90 R 143,107,406.00
13 Glass and glassware 70 R 134,813,697.00
14 Copper and articles thereof 74 R 117,021,544.00
15 Live trees, plants, bulbs, roots, cut flowers etc 06 R 115,585,027.00
16 Miscellaneous chemical products 38 R 104,079,305.00
17 Inorganic chemicals, precious metal compound, isotopes 28 R 103,501,084.00
18 Works of art, collectors pieces and antiques 97 R 100,394,866.00
19 Edible fruit, nuts, peel of citrus fruit, melons 08 R 100,068,721.00
20 Miscellaneous edible preparations 21 R 98,582,190.00
21 Organic chemicals 29 R 91,047,095.00
22 Articles of iron or steel 73 R 86,810,167.00
23 Edible vegetables and certain roots and tubers 07 R 66,103,578.00
24 Other base metals, cermets, articles thereof 81 R 59,610,036.00
25 Essential oils, perfumes, cosmetics, toileteries 33 R 48,415,892.00
26 Paper & paperboard, articles of pulp, paper and board 48 R 44,304,017.00
27 Rubber and articles thereof 40 R 39,822,238.00
28 Railway, tramway locomotives, rolling stock, equipment 86 R 33,244,156.00
29 Explosives, pyrotechnics, matches, pyrophorics, etc 36 R 32,202,014.00
30 Beverages, spirits and vinegar 22 R 30,831,415.00
31 Pharmaceutical products 30 R 29,718,378.00
32 Cereal, flour, starch, milk preparations and products 19 R 27,425,183.00
33 Coffee, tea, mate and spices 09 R 26,057,711.00
34 Furniture, lighting, signs, prefabricated buildings 94 R 24,536,574.00
35 Manmade staple fibres 55 R 23,699,519.00
36 Ceramic products 69 R 23,430,671.00
37 Milling products, malt, starches, inulin, wheat gluten 11 R 21,268,614.00
38 Printed books, newspapers, pictures etc 49 R 20,447,906.00
39 Tanning, dyeing extracts, tannins, derivs,pigments etc 32 R 19,668,496.00
40 Nickel and articles thereof 75 R 19,563,989.00
41 Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, mica, etc articles 68 R 18,909,768.00
42 Tools, implements, cutlery, etc of base metal 82 R 14,947,606.00
43 Albuminoids, modified starches, glues, enzymes 35 R 11,539,323.00
44 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 96 R 11,387,390.00
45 Soaps, lubricants, waxes, candles, modelling pastes 34 R 11,012,039.00
46 Other made textile articles, sets, worn clothing etc 63 R 10,809,949.00
47 Salt, sulphur, earth, stone, plaster, lime and cement 25 R 8,992,472.00
48 Wood and articles of wood, wood charcoal 44 R 8,618,135.00
49 Residues, wastes of food industry, animal fodder 23 R 8,272,241.00
50 Aluminium and articles thereof 76 R 6,901,123.00
51 Cereals 10 R 4,420,682.00
52 Sugars and sugar confectionery 17 R 4,365,654.00
53 Miscellaneous articles of base metal 83 R 4,314,973.00
54 Cocoa and cocoa preparations 18 R 3,416,229.00
55 Toys, games, sports requisites 95 R 3,080,723.00
56 Articles of leather, animal gut, harness, travel goods 42 R 2,329,420.00
57 Articles of apparel, accessories, knit or crochet 61 R 1,846,367.00
58 Oil seed, oleagic fruits, grain, seed, fruit, etc, nes 12 R 1,538,187.00
59 Products of animal origin, nes 05 R 1,362,164.00
60 Animal,vegetable fats and oils, cleavage products, etc 15 R 1,285,235.00
61 Ships, boats and other floating structures 89 R 1,003,930.00
62 Articles of apparel, accessories, not knit or crochet 62 R 961,854.00
63 Fertilizers 31 R 844,804.00
64 Manufactures of plaiting material, basketwork, etc. 46 R 823,164.00
65 Impregnated, coated or laminated textile fabric 59 R 783,793.00
66 Bird skin, feathers, artificial flowers, human hair 67 R 488,500.00
67 Carpets and other textile floor coverings 57 R 487,533.00
68 Musical instruments, parts and accessories 92 R 469,985.00
69 Headgear and parts thereof 65 R 386,479.00
70 Raw hides and skins (other than furskins) and leather 41 R 345,834.00
71 Special woven or tufted fabric, lace, tapestry etc 58 R 305,229.00
72 Photographic or cinematographic goods 37 R 299,136.00
73 Cork and articles of cork 45 R 200,972.00
74 Manmade filaments 54 R 170,410.00
75 Live animals 01 R 165,122.00
76 Umbrellas, walking-sticks, seat-sticks, whips, etc 66 R 155,088.00
77 Wadding, felt, nonwovens, yarns, twine, cordage, etc 56 R 108,713.00
78 Lac, gums, resins, vegetable saps and extracts nes 13 R 100,451.00
79 Furskins and artificial fur, manufactures thereof 43 R 98,816.00
80 Cotton 52 R 77,710.00
81 Knitted or crocheted fabric 60 R 57,112.00
82 Footwear, gaiters and the like, parts thereof 64 R 49,757.00
83 Vegetable textile fibres nes, paper yarn, woven fabric 53 R 42,072.00
84 Tobacco and manufactured tobacco substitutes 24 R 11,255.00
85 Silk 50 R 10,706.00
86 Dairy products, eggs, honey, edible animal product nes 04 R 5,250.00
87 Wool, animal hair, horsehair yarn and fabric thereof 51 R 1,567.00
88 Commodities not elsewhere specified 99 R 344.00
89 Vegetable plaiting materials, vegetable products nes 14 R 228.00
90 Fish, crustaceans, molluscs, aquatic invertebrates nes 03 R 200.00
# Description Chapter Amount


# Description Chapter Amount in Rands
1 Vehicles other than railway, tramway 87 R 2,331,919,504.00
2 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery, etc 84 R 620,202,616.00
3 Ores, slag and ash 26 R 536,064,545.00
4 Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof 88 R 324,624,074.00
5 Electrical, electronic equipment 85 R 264,056,120.00
6 Mineral fuels, oils, distillation products, etc 27 R 208,255,336.00
7 Plastics and articles thereof 39 R 202,880,632.00
8 Pearls, precious stones, metals, coins, etc 71 R 175,605,839.00
9 Iron and steel 72 R 166,190,862.00
10 Edible fruit, nuts, peel of citrus fruit, melons 08 R 144,378,420.00
11 Vegetable, fruit, nut, etc food preparations 20 R 143,952,319.00
12 Furniture, lighting, signs, prefabricated buildings 94 R 141,364,453.00
13 Optical, photo, technical, medical, etc apparatus 90 R 124,223,236.00
14 Glass and glassware 70 R 116,022,821.00
15 Live trees, plants, bulbs, roots, cut flowers etc 06 R 109,874,490.00
16 Inorganic chemicals, precious metal compound, isotopes 28 R 109,861,124.00
17 Articles of iron or steel 73 R 102,773,715.00
18 Copper and articles thereof 74 R 87,411,275.00
19 Miscellaneous edible preparations 21 R 84,403,965.00
20 Works of art, collectors pieces and antiques 97 R 84,087,604.00
21 Essential oils, perfumes, cosmetics, toileteries 33 R 81,462,493.00
22 Organic chemicals 29 R 64,426,746.00
23 Miscellaneous chemical products 38 R 58,900,400.00
24 Other base metals, cermets, articles thereof 81 R 46,476,275.00
25 Edible vegetables and certain roots and tubers 07 R 44,228,960.00
26 Ceramic products 69 R 39,317,777.00
27 Paper & paperboard, articles of pulp, paper and board 48 R 29,577,025.00
28 Pharmaceutical products 30 R 28,944,336.00
29 Railway, tramway locomotives, rolling stock, equipment 86 R 27,749,810.00
30 Tanning, dyeing extracts, tannins, derivs,pigments etc 32 R 24,114,766.00
31 Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, mica, etc articles 68 R 21,542,987.00
32 Rubber and articles thereof 40 R 21,008,517.00
33 Cereal, flour, starch, milk preparations and products 19 R 18,449,844.00
34 Nickel and articles thereof 75 R 18,022,985.00
35 Milling products, malt, starches, inulin, wheat gluten 11 R 17,139,871.00
36 Clocks and watches and parts thereof 91 R 16,388,477.00
37 Coffee, tea, mate and spices 09 R 15,477,711.00
38 Explosives, pyrotechnics, matches, pyrophorics, etc 36 R 14,930,712.00
39 Tools, implements, cutlery, etc of base metal 82 R 13,997,618.00
40 Printed books, newspapers, pictures etc 49 R 12,151,531.00
41 Cereals 10 R 10,750,653.00
42 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 96 R 9,456,235.00
43 Beverages, spirits and vinegar 22 R 9,070,611.00
44 Albuminoids, modified starches, glues, enzymes 35 R 8,433,775.00
45 Residues, wastes of food industry, animal fodder 23 R 6,381,003.00
46 Soaps, lubricants, waxes, candles, modelling pastes 34 R 5,899,866.00
47 Salt, sulphur, earth, stone, plaster, lime and cement 25 R 5,075,941.00
48 Wood and articles of wood, wood charcoal 44 R 4,861,601.00
49 Aluminium and articles thereof 76 R 4,677,011.00
50 Sugars and sugar confectionery 17 R 4,556,008.00
51 Miscellaneous articles of base metal 83 R 4,357,856.00
52 Toys, games, sports requisites 95 R 4,063,811.00
53 Oil seed, oleagic fruits, grain, seed, fruit, etc, nes 12 R 3,990,882.00
54 Other made textile articles, sets, worn clothing etc 63 R 3,546,282.00
55 Cocoa and cocoa preparations 18 R 2,651,347.00
56 Footwear, gaiters and the like, parts thereof 64 R 2,374,695.00
57 Articles of leather, animal gut, harness, travel goods 42 R 2,340,375.00
58 Manmade staple fibres 55 R 2,251,914.00
59 Articles of apparel, accessories, not knit or crochet 62 R 1,236,982.00
60 Articles of apparel, accessories, knit or crochet 61 R 1,140,425.00
61 Manufactures of plaiting material, basketwork, etc. 46 R 924,580.00
62 Meat and edible meat offal 02 R 714,150.00
63 Wadding, felt, nonwovens, yarns, twine, cordage, etc 56 R 672,423.00
64 Impregnated, coated or laminated textile fabric 59 R 444,248.00
65 Musical instruments, parts and accessories 92 R 411,431.00
66 Ships, boats and other floating structures 89 R 361,520.00
67 Products of animal origin, nes 05 R 302,669.00
68 Vegetable plaiting materials, vegetable products nes 14 R 246,546.00
69 Bird skin, feathers, artificial flowers, human hair 67 R 223,307.00
70 Headgear and parts thereof 65 R 219,852.00
71 Animal,vegetable fats and oils, cleavage products, etc 15 R 216,422.00
72 Live animals 01 R 199,590.00
73 Dairy products, eggs, honey, edible animal product nes 04 R 106,473.00
74 Zinc and articles thereof 79 R 99,855.00
75 Raw hides and skins (other than furskins) and leather 41 R 79,579.00
76 Lac, gums, resins, vegetable saps and extracts nes 13 R 76,620.00
77 Cotton 52 R 75,966.00
78 Manmade filaments 54 R 74,359.00
79 Special woven or tufted fabric, lace, tapestry etc 58 R 69,576.00
80 Vegetable textile fibres nes, paper yarn, woven fabric 53 R 61,800.00
81 Fertilizers 31 R 54,533.00
82 Carpets and other textile floor coverings 57 R 44,691.00
83 Knitted or crocheted fabric 60 R 42,714.00
84 Tobacco and manufactured tobacco substitutes 24 R 40,818.00
85 Furskins and artificial fur, manufactures thereof 43 R 37,517.00
86 Umbrellas, walking-sticks, seat-sticks, whips, etc 66 R 18,778.00
87 Fish, crustaceans, molluscs, aquatic invertebrates nes 03 R 18,000.00
88 Tin and articles thereof 80 R 14,460.00
89 Silk 50 R 8,304.00
90 Photographic or cinematographic goods 37 R 7,073.00
91 Cork and articles of cork 45 R 48.00
# Description Chapter Amount


# Description Chapter Amount in Rands
1 Vehicles other than railway, tramway 87 R 1,837,562,982.00
2 Ores, slag and ash 26 R 1,463,789,253.00
3 Mineral fuels, oils, distillation products, etc 27 R 760,608,888.00
4 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery, etc 84 R 685,283,599.00
5 Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof 88 R 295,797,346.00
6 Plastics and articles thereof 39 R 278,186,878.00
7 Iron and steel 72 R 235,182,195.00
8 Pearls, precious stones, metals, coins, etc 71 R 233,017,978.00
9 Electrical, electronic equipment 85 R 225,266,451.00
10 Copper and articles thereof 74 R 171,559,611.00
11 Glass and glassware 70 R 156,686,893.00
12 Furniture, lighting, signs, prefabricated buildings 94 R 152,305,839.00
13 Nickel and articles thereof 75 R 130,127,179.00
14 Optical, photo, technical, medical, etc apparatus 90 R 126,799,041.00
15 Articles of iron or steel 73 R 118,308,672.00
16 Live trees, plants, bulbs, roots, cut flowers etc 06 R 92,963,307.00
17 Vegetable, fruit, nut, etc food preparations 20 R 89,728,724.00
18 Edible fruit, nuts, peel of citrus fruit, melons 08 R 79,793,130.00
19 Organic chemicals 29 R 74,710,192.00
20 Inorganic chemicals, precious metal compound, isotopes 28 R 73,008,994.00
21 Essential oils, perfumes, cosmetics, toileteries 33 R 71,142,193.00
22 Other base metals, cermets, articles thereof 81 R 66,257,690.00
23 Works of art, collectors pieces and antiques 97 R 59,071,002.00
24 Miscellaneous chemical products 38 R 45,960,065.00
25 Rubber and articles thereof 40 R 28,013,611.00
26 Railway, tramway locomotives, rolling stock, equipment 86 R 26,929,004.00
27 Edible vegetables and certain roots and tubers 07 R 22,878,955.00
28 Explosives, pyrotechnics, matches, pyrophorics, etc 36 R 19,950,386.00
29 Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, mica, etc articles 68 R 17,647,442.00
30 Miscellaneous edible preparations 21 R 16,681,821.00
31 Tools, implements, cutlery, etc of base metal 82 R 16,111,917.00
32 Pharmaceutical products 30 R 15,008,213.00
33 Milling products, malt, starches, inulin, wheat gluten 11 R 14,747,977.00
34 Cereal, flour, starch, milk preparations and products 19 R 12,674,814.00
35 Cereals 10 R 12,660,441.00
36 Clocks and watches and parts thereof 91 R 12,460,549.00
37 Printed books, newspapers, pictures etc 49 R 12,164,951.00
38 Paper & paperboard, articles of pulp, paper and board 48 R 11,652,958.00
39 Tanning, dyeing extracts, tannins, derivs,pigments etc 32 R 11,351,203.00
40 Coffee, tea, mate and spices 09 R 10,494,975.00
41 Beverages, spirits and vinegar 22 R 8,454,058.00
42 Ceramic products 69 R 7,671,841.00
43 Miscellaneous articles of base metal 83 R 7,453,448.00
44 Soaps, lubricants, waxes, candles, modelling pastes 34 R 7,398,096.00
45 Albuminoids, modified starches, glues, enzymes 35 R 7,302,257.00
46 Oil seed, oleagic fruits, grain, seed, fruit, etc, nes 12 R 6,758,563.00
47 Sugars and sugar confectionery 17 R 4,370,469.00
48 Aluminium and articles thereof 76 R 4,271,364.00
49 Toys, games, sports requisites 95 R 4,022,729.00
50 Wood and articles of wood, wood charcoal 44 R 3,268,684.00
51 Cocoa and cocoa preparations 18 R 2,906,729.00
52 Articles of apparel, accessories, knit or crochet 61 R 2,361,751.00
53 Zinc and articles thereof 79 R 2,184,933.00
54 Salt, sulphur, earth, stone, plaster, lime and cement 25 R 1,836,653.00
55 Other made textile articles, sets, worn clothing etc 63 R 1,811,284.00
56 Residues, wastes of food industry, animal fodder 23 R 1,733,207.00
57 Wadding, felt, nonwovens, yarns, twine, cordage, etc 56 R 1,410,678.00
58 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 96 R 1,358,260.00
59 Impregnated, coated or laminated textile fabric 59 R 1,051,126.00
60 Articles of leather, animal gut, harness, travel goods 42 R 888,292.00
61 Articles of apparel, accessories, not knit or crochet 62 R 805,495.00
62 Carpets and other textile floor coverings 57 R 689,670.00
63 Animal,vegetable fats and oils, cleavage products, etc 15 R 606,136.00
64 Fish, crustaceans, molluscs, aquatic invertebrates nes 03 R 560,446.00
65 Manufactures of plaiting material, basketwork, etc. 46 R 299,501.00
66 Products of animal origin, nes 05 R 254,174.00
67 Footwear, gaiters and the like, parts thereof 64 R 135,698.00
68 Headgear and parts thereof 65 R 134,489.00
69 Umbrellas, walking-sticks, seat-sticks, whips, etc 66 R 92,140.00
70 Cotton 52 R 89,586.00
71 Furskins and artificial fur, manufactures thereof 43 R 88,387.00
72 Tobacco and manufactured tobacco substitutes 24 R 71,146.00
73 Ships, boats and other floating structures 89 R 64,908.00
74 Special woven or tufted fabric, lace, tapestry etc 58 R 62,128.00
75 Bird skin, feathers, artificial flowers, human hair 67 R 59,951.00
76 Meat, fish and seafood food preparations nes 16 R 47,247.00
77 Live animals 01 R 44,110.00
78 Raw hides and skins (other than furskins) and leather 41 R 38,179.00
79 Lac, gums, resins, vegetable saps and extracts nes 13 R 38,074.00
80 Musical instruments, parts and accessories 92 R 17,520.00
81 Wool, animal hair, horsehair yarn and fabric thereof 51 R 11,937.00
82 Commodities not elsewhere specified 99 R 3,959.00
83 Photographic or cinematographic goods 37 R 897.00
84 Pulp of wood, fibrous cellulosic material, waste etc 47 R 804.00
85 Dairy products, eggs, honey, edible animal product nes 04 R 490.00
86 Silk 50 R 411.00
87 Manmade filaments 54 R 400.00
# Description Chapter Amount
Export and Import Statistics

Export Opportunities

Ref Date Received Officials Details Nature of Enquiry
Ref Date Received Officials Details Nature of Enquiry